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Research Progress on Protein Separation and Purification Materials
ZHAO Ya-qi;ZHANG Xin-yue;HUANG Qian;SUN Xue;QIAN Jun-li;DONG Lin-yi;Protein separation and purification is a critical process in fields such as biochemistry, biotechnology, and biopharmaceuticals, where its efficiency and quality directly influence subsequent applications.With the rapid development of biotechnology, the emergence of new materials had enabled more efficient and selective methods for protein purification, driving innovation in this field.This review first summarized traditional protein separation techniques, including salting-out precipitation, extraction, electrophoresis, dialysis, and chromatography, which had been widely applied and improved in the past few decades.Despite these methods are maturity and reliability, they still suffer from limitation such as low sensitivity, poor resolution, and cumbersome operation.Next, the review elaborated on novel protein purification materials along with their application examples.For instance, nanomaterials(e.g.,magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots) exhibit high specific surface area and tunable surface functionalities, enhancing adsorption capacity and selectivity.Polymeric materials(e.g.,molecularly imprinted polymers, functionalized polymer materials) optimize purification efficiency and specificity through their customizable structures.Additionally, biomaterials(e.g.,polysaccharides, nucleic acid aptamers) enable highly specific target binding while minimizing nonspecific adsorption.Additionally, it provides forword-looking insights into future trends, which are anticipated to move toward intelligent systems, automation, and green sustainable solutions.These developments offer valuable guidance for ongoing research and technological advancement in this field.
Sulfur: Diverse Applications from Traditional to Emerging Fields
TIAN Jun;GAO Wen-chao;As a non-metallic element that exists abundantly in nature, sulfur occupies an irreplaceable position in the evolution of human civilization.Since ancient times, due to its unique chemical properties, sulfur has been deeply integrated into human life and production activities, and has been widely used in areas such as medicine, fragrances, and religious ceremonies.Since the 19th century, sulfur has been mass-produced as a by-product of the petroleum and natural gas industries, which has driven the continuous expansion of its application scope, from traditional fields such as chemical engineering and agriculture to the modern emerging technologies, witnessing numerous technological innovations and social changes.Currently, the stable growth of traditional industries and the rapid rise of emerging industries have further fueled the increasing demand for sulfur.With the rising awareness of environmental protection and sustainable development, the resource-orientated utilization of sulfur is shifting toward a greener pathway.Especially in recent decades, as the energy storage characteristics of sulfur have been gradually explored, it has demonstrated tremendous application potential in cutting-edge technological fields such as new materials, new energy, and biomedicine.This review aimed to comprehensively analyze the structural characteristics, production capacity sources, and fundamental properties of sulfur, and focused on systematically sorting out the diversified applications and future prospects of sulfur in both traditional and emerging industries from the perspective of its chemical essence, providing ideas and directions for in-depth research, development, and application of sulfur.
Advancements in the Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Complex Compositional Samples
DING Chao-min;LI Ke;LIU Fan;ZHANG Xin;LI Qi;ZHANG Zheng-dong;Near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy, as a non-destructive, rapid, and non-invasive analytical technique, holds significant potential for applications in rapid detection, online analysis, and real-time monitoring.The development and application of chemometrics have effectively overcome the challenges posed by the high dimensionality of NIR spectra and complex background interferences.In recent years, the advancement of deep learning has further overcome the limitations of traditional modeling methods, significantly enhancing the quantitative analysis and qualitative identification capabilities of NIR technology in complex sample components.By selecting and extracting key spectral information, deep learning has greatly improved the model′s ability to analyze weak signals and complex spectra, thus expanding the application potential of NIR technology in complex sample analysis.This study provided a concise overview of the principles of NIR spectroscopy, with a particular focus on the application advancements of NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics across various fields such as the petrochemical industry, agriculture, environmental science, and food science.Notable applications include the analysis of the physicochemical properties of crude oil, evaluation of crop composition, and monitoring of environmental pollutants.By establishing high-performance chemometric models, NIR technology has successfully facilitated applications in determining the physicochemical properties of substances under analysis and ensuring product quality control.In conclusion, this paper systematically discussed the current state of NIR spectroscopy applications across multiple fields and offers a summary and outlook on future developments in these areas.
Synthesis of Low-carbon Olefins by Dehydrocracking of n-octane Catalyzed with Ni-Sn-loaded MCM-22 Zeolite
GUO Cheng-xiong;WU Gui-ying;JIN Fang;ZHU Sheng-dong;Compared with the traditional thermal cracking and catalytic cracking processes, the dehydrogenation cracking process that integrates two types of active sites, alkane dehydrogenation and acid-catalyzed cracking, can enhance the yield of light olefins from naphtha cracking and reduce the energy consumption.In order to investigate and design the synergistic effects between the dehydrogenation and the cracking active sites in a novel bifunctional catalyst for naphtha dehydrogenation cracking, based on the characteristics of the tunable acidity and the hydroxyl-rich structure of MWW zeolites, Sn was introduced as a Lewis acid dehydrogenation site into MCM-22 zeolite by the atom-planting method, and Ni was introduced as a metallic dehydrogenation active site by the deposition-precipitation method.An optimized combination of the protonic acid sites of the zeolite with the dehydrogenation active sites introduced by Ni and Sn was achieved.The introduced Ni particles(NPs) were captured by SnOx,forming a bimetallic embedded structure to enhance the Lewis acidity.This synergistic interaction between the active sites facilitated the dehydrocracking of n-octane, increasing the yields of propylene and ethylene and enabling the control of propylene/ethylene(P/E) ratio.Results indicated that Sn loaded by the atom-planting method undergoes the dehydrochlorination reaction between SnCl4 and the hydroxyl groups in the zeolite framework, forming SnOx species that exhibited significant Lewis acidity.The Ni nanoparticles loaded by the deposition-precipitation(DP) method can be further captured by the charges of SnOx,thereby further enhancing the Lewis acidity and improving the n-octane conversion, yield of light olefins, and P/E ratio.In addition, during the high-temperature reaction, SnOx species precipitated from the zeolite framework as SnO2 and anchord the Ni NPs to form a core-shell structure.This structure significantly reduced the coke deposition and improves the stability of the catalyst.
Journal Information
Journal Name: Chemical Reagents
First Published: April 1979 • Monthly
Governed by: China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation
Sponsored by:
China Association for Analysis and Testing
Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd.
Beijing Guohua Jingshi Consulting Co., Ltd.
Edited and Published by: Editorial Office of Chemical Reagents
Editor-in-Chief: HE Hui
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Serial Publication Number: ISSN 0258-3283 CN 11-2135/TQ
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